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The <sync> tag of the updategram signifies the beginning of an operation(s) The rows specified in the <before> refer to existing records in the database. The rows specified in the <after> block refer to what the user wants in the database. <TABLENAME.../> identifies target table.

The sql:at-identity attribute stores the last identity value added by the system (if possible). This identity value can then be used in subsequent operations.

The sql:id attribute is used to mark rows. This forces an association between the record specified in the <before> and <after> block in the update gram. When there are multiple instances specified, it is recommended that sql:id attribute be used for all the instances.

Each <TABLENAME.../> refers to a single table. Multiple <TABLENAME.../> entries are allowed in the same <before> or <after> tags, or in both <before> and <after> tags; however, nesting is not allowed. The <before> and <after> tags are optional. A missing tag is the same as having a tag with no content.